Evaluation of nutritional status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Government Dharmapuri Medical College, Dharmapuri

Background: The link between varicocele and infertility was first reported by cessius in 1st century AD but it was not widely acknowledged until TULLOCH and colleagues reported the improvement of sperm parameters in 26 of 30 patients undergoing varicocelectomy. Varicocele is defined as excessive dilatation of pampiniform venous plexus of spermatic cord. varicocele is an important cause infertility which can be corrected by surgery. Several methods have been used for its treatment including open surgical ligation of spermatic veins as well as laparoscopic varicocelectomy. Open varicocelectomy has more risk of recurrence and complications whereas laparoscopic varicocelectomy is simple, has less risk of recurrence and complication in expert hands. Objectives: To compare Laparoscopic varicocelectomy with open varicocelectomy, in terms of postoperative pain, recurrence rate, hospital stay, cost, cosmetic and complication. To prove hospital stay was more in open group than laparoscopic group and also patient of laparoscopic group return to normal activities earlier than open group. To standardize the laparoscopic varicocelectomy procedure for varicocele. Materials and methods: It was a randomized clinical trial done in Department of General Surgery, Vinayaka Mission Medical College, Karaikal. Study was carried out from 1 st March, 2015 to 1st R. Bharathidasan, Reny Jayaprakash, Subith P. Bhaskar, G. Ambujam. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy now the gold standard procedure for varicocele - A comparative study with open technique based on our experience. IAIM, 2017; 4(7): 218-221. Page 219 March, 2016. A total 70 patients was taken in our study of its 36 patient undergone open varicocelectomy and 34 patient undergone laparoscopic varicocelectomy. Results: Recurrence rate 0% in Laparoscopic Varicocelectomy and 5.6% in open varicocelectomy. Wound complication was 0% in Laparoscopic varicocelectomy and 2.5% in open varicocelectomy. Post-operative pain was more in open group as compared to laparoscopic varicocelectomy. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy has less post-operative morbidity and early return to normal activity. Also there was improvement in seminal analysis in both groups. Conclusion: We would like to standardize laparoscopic varicocoelectomy and make it as a gold standard for Varicocele by replacing open technique provided there is good experienced surgical team and good instrumentation. Cost of the procedure is comparatively high.

A study of body fat distribution and cardiovascular risk factors in Government Dharmapuri Medical College, Dharmapuri

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in global deaths and accounts for 17 million people worldwide. Despite the favorable changes in the risk factors, new risk factors have emerged. These include abdominal obesity and physical inactivity, both of which are considered independent and mediating factors in the development of cardiovascular disease. They are also associated with type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic syndrome, growing health hazards all over the world and the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Aim of The Study: To determine the associations of Waist circumference and Waist Hip ratio with the risk of incident cardiovascular events and to determine the strength of association of waist and waist hip ratio with cardiovascular risk is different. Materials and methods: A total of 98 cases (49 Cases and 49 Controls) were selected. Newly diagnosed consecutive cases of myocardial infarction admitted to the department to the department of cardiology were enrolled into the study after obtaining consent. These patients were subjected to anthropometric measurements namely waist hip ratio, weight height, skin fold thickness and Lipid profile was done. Results: Both the groups were matched for age, sex and risk factors other than the one studied, namely smoking, alcoholism, diabetes, hypertension, family history. There was no statistical difference is noted between the two groups in age, sex, smoking, alcoholism, Hypertension, Diabetes, Family History. In all these parameters compared between these groups the P value was more than 0.05 which was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: BMI does not properly define obesity and the risk of cardiovascular events. BMI can be normal in a patient with cardiovascular disease. Abdominal obesity is an independent risk factor for M. Selvaraj, G. Kannan. A study of body fat distribution and cardiovascular risk factors in Government Dharmapuri Medical College, Dharmapuri. IAIM, 2017; 4(7): 179-185. Page 180 coronary heart disease. Waist hip ratio and waist circumference are better indicators of the cardiovascular risk in a given individual than BMI.

Molecular flexibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ribosome recycling factor and its functional consequences: An exploration involving mutants.

Internal mobility of the two domain molecule of ribosome recycling factor (RRF) is known to be important for its action. Mycobacterium tuberculosis RRF does not complement E. coli for its deficiency of RRF (in the presence of E. coli EF-G alone). Crystal structure had revealed higher rigidity of the M. tuberculosis RRF due to the presence of additional salt bridges between domains. Two inter-domain salt bridges and one between the linker region and the domain containing C-terminal residues were disrupted by appropriate mutations. Except for a C-terminal deletion mutant, all mutants showed RRF activity in E. coli when M. tuberculosis EF-G was also co-expressed. The crystal structures of the point mutants, that of the C-terminal deletion mutant and that of the protein grown in the presence of a detergent, were determined. The increased mobility resulting from the disruption of the salt bridge involving the hinge region allows the appropriate mutant to weakly complement E. coli for its deficiency of RRF even in the absence of simultaneous expression of the mycobacterial EF-G. The loss of activity of the C-terminal deletion mutant appears to be partly due to the rigidification of the molecule consequent to changes in the hinge region.

Crowding, molecular volume and plasticity: An assessment involving crystallography, NMR and simulations.

The discrepancy between the X-ray and NMR structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase in relation to the functionally important plasticity of the molecule led to molecular dynamics simulations. The X-ray and the NMR studies along with the simulations indicated an inverse correlation between crowding and molecular volume. A detailed comparison of proteins for which X-ray and the NMR structures appears to confirm this correlation. In consonance with the reported results of the investigations in cellular compartments and aqueous solution, the comparison indicates that the crowding results in compaction of the molecule as well as change in its shape, which could specifically involve regions of the molecule important in function. Crowding could thus influence the action of proteins through modulation of the functionally important plasticity of the molecule.

Effect of short-term treatment of eugenol on the seminal vesicles of adult albino rats.

The structure and biochemical content of adult albino rat seminal vesicles, were studied, after administration of two different doses of eugenol for 10 days (0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg/day, i.m.). Marked decreases in the concentrations of nucleic acids, fructose and total protein as well as RNA/DNA ratio (61%) and protein/DNA ratio (27%) were observed. A remarkable increase in phospholipid concentration was noted with a corresponding decrease in neutral lipids. Histologically, eugenol treated animals showed degeneration of the secretory columnar cells and well developed myofibrillar connective tissues when compared to control animals.